Securing Agentic AI: Meeting the 2026 Federal Assurance Bar

At Alice, we've spent the past decade tracking how policy follows risk. first in the era of user-generated content, when the internet had to define what content was allowed and what wasn’t; then with generative AI, where the focus shifted to model outputs; and now with agentic systems, where the concern is no longer just what AI says, but what it does.

Right now? Every signal points to 2026 as the year agentic AI moves from experimental to regulated, especially for teams working with the federal government.

From California's recent legislative activity to states coalescing around AI safety for agents, and most recently the passing of the FY2026 NDAA, the pattern is unmistakable. The National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Department of Defense (DoD) have both issued public consultations that make one thing clear: AI guardrails are transitioning from best practices to hard operational requirements.

For teams building agentic solutions for the public sector, the era of "deploy now, secure later" is over.

Why Agentic AI Demands Different Security Thinking

We've watched this evolution firsthand. When AI moved from generating content to taking action, the attack surface didn't just expand - it fundamentally changed. Traditional cybersecurity controls? They were never designed for systems that plan, reason, and act autonomously.

Agentic systems introduce threat vectors that live inside the model, not just around it:

• Adversarial hijacking manipulates agents into pursuing malicious objectives.
• Indirect prompt injection hides attacks in the data agents process, invisible until activated.
• ‍Specification gaming occurs when an uncompromised model pursues objectives that technically satisfy its instructions while undermining system integrity.
• ‍Data poisoning corrupts the training set, shaping future behavior from the ground up.

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NIST's recent request for input makes the stakes explicit: organizations working with the federal government, particularly in healthcare, financial services, and defense, must demonstrate how these risks are anticipated and mitigated. The framework requires security at three levels: the model, the agent, and human oversight. Not one. All three.

How Zero Trust Applies to Systems That Think

The DoD's Zero Trust (ZT) consultation explores similar territory from a different angle. Zero Trust has been foundational to cybersecurity strategy for years, but now the DoD is grappling with how its principles apply (both similarly and differently) to AI-driven and agentic systems.

The question isn't whether Zero Trust matters for AI. It's how you implement it for systems that don't just execute commands but generate them.

In practice, this means your architecture must support continuous monitoring, live observability, and real-time intervention as agents operate in production. Zero Trust for agentic AI pushes security controls deeper into the system's live behavior, not just its pre-deployment checks. It demands adaptive mechanisms for detecting and responding to risk as it emerges, because with agents, risk emerges constantly.

What Agent-Specific Controls Actually Look Like

These frameworks establish a new admission price for public sector procurement.

NIST asks directly: "What unique security threats, risks, or vulnerabilities currently affect multi-agent systems?" For vendors in this space ןt's a qualification criterion.

Meeting it requires:

• Multilingual, adaptive safeguards capable of detecting emergent agentic threats across environments and languages.
• Pre-deployment validation that goes beyond checklist compliance to include adversarial testing and model probing before anything reaches production and real users.
• Runtime protections that continuously evaluate agent behavior, apply context-aware guardrails, and incorporate human-in-the-loop oversight.

The difference between "we take security seriously" and "we've operationalized security at scale" comes down to whether these capabilities are aspirational or already running.

How to Position for What's Coming

The organizations that navigate this shift successfully will treat governance as infrastructure, not compliance.

That means:

• Making red-teaming a routine engineering function.
• Instrumenting live monitoring from day one.
• Establishing feedback loops that detect drift and evolving threat patterns.
• Designing systems where oversight is continuous across the lifecycle.

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Regulatory clarity is not a constraint, it is a sorting mechanism. It separates systems built for experimentation from systems built for sustained public sector use.

The Road Ahead

Agentic AI is moving from pilot programs to mission-critical applications. As that transition accelerates, so will expectations around demonstrable security.

The next federal assurance bar will not ask whether you value safety. It will ask whether your architecture proves it.

Organizations that prepare now will not experience 2026 as disruption. They will experience it as readiness.